const runs = [
{
    start_date: '2022-07-01T13:45:01.221636+00:00',
        end_date: '2022-07-01T14:11:01.864293+00:00',
    state: 'success',
    dag_run_id: 'scheduled__2022-06-30T13:45:00+00:00',
    dag_id: 'IPP_CYCLE_PARMS',
},
{
    start_date: '2022-06-26T23:00:00.742495+00:00',
    end_date: '2022-06-27T14:10:23.108401+00:00',
    state: 'failed',
    dag_run_id: 'scheduled__2022-06-25T23:00:00+00:00',
    dag_id: 'EFS-Winning-Route-daily-batch'
}
]
runs.forEach(determineCron)

Put your runs into an array and then use array.forEach, like this:

interface CronRun {
  start_date: string;
  end_date: string;
  state: string;
  dag_run_id: string;
  dag_id: string;
}

const runs: CronRun[] = [
  {
    start_date: '2022-07-01T13:45:01.221636+00:00',
    end_date: '2022-07-01T14:11:01.864293+00:00',
    state: 'success',
    dag_run_id: 'scheduled__2022-06-30T13:45:00+00:00',
    dag_id: 'IPP_CYCLE_PARMS',
  },
  {
    start_date: '2022-06-26T23:00:00.742495+00:00',
    end_date: '2022-06-27T14:10:23.108401+00:00',
    state: 'failed',
    dag_run_id: 'scheduled__2022-06-25T23:00:00+00:00',
    dag_id: 'EFS-Winning-Route-daily-batch'
  }
];

async function determineCron(result: ChronRun){
    /*dagID = result?.[0]?.dag_id || 0*/
    dagID = result ? result.dag_id : 0
    console.log(dagID)
    job = await bqConnection().query(`SELECT * FROM \`np-inventory-planning-thd.IPP_SLA.expected_sla\` where dag_id = "${dagID}"`)
    console.log(job[0][0]);
    cronTime = job[0][0].cron_time
    var interval = parser.parseExpression(cronTime);
    console.log('Date: ', interval.next().toString());
}

runs.forEach(determineCron);

like your original code, this will run them all in parallel. If you want them in serial you'll have to do

for await (const run of runs) {
  determineCron(run);
}

instead.

You could create an array with the references of the constants, but it's tricky after that, because if you use any built-in array method like map, forEach, reduce... to execute the function it will not await the previous finish to execute the next call. Therefore, what you should do is to use for and their respective variations..

// if you are in a async scope you can remove that self invoked function

(async function () {
  const runs = [
    {
      start_date: "2022-07-01T13:45:01.221636+00:00",
      end_date: "2022-07-01T14:11:01.864293+00:00",
      state: "success",
      dag_run_id: "scheduled__2022-06-30T13:45:00+00:00",
      dag_id: "IPP_CYCLE_PARMS",
    },
    {
      start_date: "2022-06-26T23:00:00.742495+00:00",
      end_date: "2022-06-27T14:10:23.108401+00:00",
      state: "failed",
      dag_run_id: "scheduled__2022-06-25T23:00:00+00:00",
      dag_id: "EFS-Winning-Route-daily-batch",
    },
  ];

  async function determineCron(result) {
    /*dagID = result?.[0]?.dag_id || 0*/
    dagID = result ? result.dag_id : 0;
    console.log(dagID);
    job = await bqConnection().query(
      `SELECT * FROM \`np-inventory-planning-thd.IPP_SLA.expected_sla\` where dag_id = "${dagID}"`
    );
    console.log(job[0][0]);
    cronTime = job[0][0].cron_time;
    var interval = parser.parseExpression(cronTime);
    console.log("Date: ", interval.next().toString());
  }

  for (let run of runs) {
    await determineCron(run);
  }
})();