So i'm fairly new to react and im trying to make a pinpad screen now but im stuck. i dont know how to use useEfect for validation of a 4 digits pin in my app, as in, i am just confused where and how to write it so it actually works, is there any examples of it so i can see how to do it?
export default function App() {
const [pin, setPin] = useState("");
return (
<div>
<div>{pin}</div>
<div>
<div>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}1`)}>1</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}2`)}>2</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}3`)}>3</button>
</div>
<div>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}4`)}>4</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}5`)}>5</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}6`)}>6</button>
</div>
<div>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}7`)}>7</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}8`)}>8</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}9`)}>9</button>
</div>
<div>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => pin.slice(0, pin.length - 1))}>
<
</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin((pin) => `${pin}0`)}>0</button>
<button onClick={() => setPin("")}>C</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
);
}
Just check for changes in your pin state using the useEffect dependency array, and then log the saved PIN if it reaches four digits.
In this example I've used an array to store the numbers which I then join up. (I've also taken the liberty of using CSS Grid, and a Button component, so that code is as DRY as possible).
const { useEffect, useState } = React;
function Example({ test }) {
const [ pin, setPin ] = useState('');
const [ attempt, setAttempt ] = useState(0);
const [ lock, setLock ] = useState(false);
const [ message, setMessage ] = useState('');
// Reset the state if the "number" is "C"
// otherwise add the number to the state string
function handleClick(e) {
const { number } = e.target.dataset;
if (number === 'C') {
setPin([]);
} else {
setPin(`${pin}${number}`);
}
}
// If the pin state has changed,
// and the length of the array is four,
// log the state
useEffect(() => {
if (attempt < 3) {
if (pin.length === 4) {
if (pin !== test) {
setAttempt(attempt + 1);
setPin('');
setMessage('Incorrect PIN.');
setTimeout(() => setMessage(''), 2000);
} else {
setMessage('PIN accepted');
}
}
} else {
setMessage('Failed to log in.');
setLock(true);
setTimeout(() => setLock(false), 3000);
}
}, [pin]);
function maskedPin() {
let str = '';
for (let i = 0; i < pin.length; i++) {
str += '*';
}
return str;
}
// Create a new array and map over the elements
// to create some buttons
return (
<div>
<div class="grid">
{new Array(9).fill('').map((el, i) => (
<Button lock={lock} number={i + 1} handleClick={handleClick} />
))}
<Button lock={lock} number="0" handleClick={handleClick} />
<Button lock={lock} number="C" handleClick={handleClick} />
</div>
<div class="pin">{maskedPin()}</div>
<div class="message">{message}</div>
</div>
);
}
function Button({ lock, number, handleClick }) {
return (
<button
disabled={lock}
data-number={number}
onClick={handleClick}
>{number}</button>
);
}
ReactDOM.render(
<Example test="1234" />,
document.getElementById('react')
);.grid { width: 100px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 10px; }
.message { margin-top: 0.5em; }<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/17.0.2/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/17.0.2/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
<div id="react"></div>You can add a useEffect hook with pin as a dependency:
useEffect(() => {
console.log(pin, pin.length)
}, [pin])
the callback passed to useEffect will be called every time pin changes
To validate any react state when state change you can use useEffect like this.
useEffect(() => {
// pin state changed
}, [pin]);
useEffect can be used when component mount, unmount or any state variable changes. Variables which are used inside square brackets (pin in this example) are called dependent variables. That means when this variables changes it will run that specific code.
For more React useEffect hook