I have this configured for the site:

So why do my JavaScript changes not reach the browser when I change it on the hard disk?

(If I wait an un-determined amount of time it eventually updates, so I know that I'm changing the right file.)

I have also tried disabling caching altogether, across the entire server, but that had no effect either.

Restarting the Site does not work. Restarting the Server does not work. (Re)Loading the site in incognito mode does not work.