As the name suggests, OffsetDateTime needs time components (hour, minute etc.) as well. DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE does not have pattern for time components and therefore you should not use it to parse a date string into OffsetDateTime. You can build a formatter with default time components.

import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatterBuilder;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoField;
import java.util.Locale;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String formattedDate = OffsetDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE);
        System.out.println(formattedDate);

        DateTimeFormatter dtf = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder()
                                .append(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE)
                                .parseDefaulting(ChronoField.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0)
                                .parseDefaulting(ChronoField.MINUTE_OF_HOUR, 0)
                                .parseDefaulting(ChronoField.SECOND_OF_MINUTE, 0)
                                .toFormatter(Locale.ENGLISH);

        OffsetDateTime odt = OffsetDateTime.parse(formattedDate, dtf);
        System.out.println(odt);
        System.out.println(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE.format(odt));
    }
}

Output:

2020-11-27Z
2020-11-27T00:00Z
2020-11-27Z