Preface: I am fully aware that this could be illegal if not on a test machine. I am doing this as a learning exercise for learning python for security and penetration testing. This will ONLY be done on a linux machine that I own and have full control over.
I am learning python as my first scripting language hopefully for use down the line in a security position. Upon asking for ideas of scripts to help teach myself, someone suggested that I create one for user enumeration.The idea is simple, cat out the user names from /etc/passwd from an account that does NOT have sudo privileges and try to 'su' into those accounts using the one password that I have. A reverse brute force of sorts, instead of a single user with a list of passwords, Im using a single password with a list of users.
My issue is that no matter how I have approached this, the script hangs or stops at the "Password: " prompt. I have tried multiple methods, from using os.system and echoing the password in, passing it as a variable, and using the pexpect module. Nothing seems to be working.
When I Google it, all of the recommendations point to using sudo, which in this scenario, isnt a valid option as the user I have access to, doesnt have sudo privileges.
I am beyond desperate on this, just to finish the challenge. I have asked on reddit, in IRC and all of my programming wizard friends, and beyond echo "password" |sudo -S su, which cant work because the user is not in the sudoers file, I am coming up short. When I try the same thing with just echo "password"| su I get su: must be run from a terminal. This is at a # and $ prompt.
Is this even possible?
The problem is that su and friends read the password directly from the controlling terminal for the process, not from stdin. The way to get around this is to launch your own "pseudoterminal" (pty). In python, you can do that with the pty module. Give it a try.
Edit: The documentation for python's pty module doesn't really explain anything, so here's a bit of context from the Unix man page for the pty device:
A pseudo terminal is a pair of character devices, a master device and a slave device. The slave device provides to a process an interface identical to that described in tty(4). However, whereas all other devices which provide the interface described in tty(4) have a hardware device of some sort behind them, the slave device has, instead, another process manipulating it through the master half of the pseudo terminal. That is, anything written on the master device is given to the slave device as input and anything written on the slave device is presented as input on the master device. [emphasis mine]
The simplest way to get your pty working is with pty.fork(), which you use like a regular fork. Here's a simple (REALLY minimal) example. Note that if you read more characters than there are available, your process will deadlock: It will try to read from an open pipe, but the only way for the process at the other end to generate output will be if this process sends it something!
pid, fd = pty.fork()
if pid == 0:
# We're the child process: Switch to running a command
os.execl("/bin/cat", "cat", "-n")
print "Exec failed!!!!"
else:
# We're the parent process
# Send something to the child process
os.write(fd, "Hello, world!\n")
# Read the terminal's echo of what we typed
print os.read(fd, 14) ,
# Read command output
print os.read(fd, 22)
If all goes well you should see this:
Hello, world!
1 Hello, world!
Since this is a learning exercise, here's my suggested reading list for you: man fork, man execl, and python's subprocess and os modules (since you're already running subprocess, you may already know some of this). Keep in mind the difference, in Unix and in python, between a file descriptor (which is just a number) and a file object, which is a python object with methods (in C it's a structure or such). Have fun!
If you just want to do this for learning, you can easily build a fake environment with your own faked passwd-file. You can use some of the built-in python encrypt method to generate passwords. this has the advantage of proper test cases, you know what you are looking for and where you should succeed or fail.