let values = document.querySelectorAll('.value-h6');
let valueToday = document.querySelectorAll('.value-today');
let valueMonth = document.querySelectorAll('.value-month');
let valueYear = document.querySelectorAll('.value-year');
let divs = document.querySelectorAll('block-value');

function init() {
  // Clear data
  for (let i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
    values[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (let i = 0; i < valueToday.length; i++) {
    valueToday[i].style.display = 'block';
  }
}
// user is coming, the default value is the dailyValue
init();

function today() {
  init();
}

function month() {
  for (let i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
    values[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (let i = 0; i < valueMonth.length; i++) {
    valueMonth[i].style.display = 'block';
  }
}

function year() {
  for (let i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
    values[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (let i = 0; i < valueYear.length; i++) {
    valueYear[i].style.display = 'block';
  }
}

<div class="ps-3 block-value" id="0">
  <h6 class="value-h6 value-today">23%</h6>
  <h6 class="value-h6 value-month">24%</h6>
  <h6 class="value-h6 value-year">25%</h6>
</div>

<div class="ps-3 block-value" id="1">
  <h6 class="value-h6 value-today">300</h6>
  <h6 class="value-h6 value-month">34</h6>
  <h6 class="value-h6 value-year">23</h6>
</div>

<li><button class="dropdown-item filter-btn filter-auj" onclick="today()">Aujourd'hui</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item filter-btn filter-mois" onclick="month()">Ce mois</button></li>
<li><button class="dropdown-item filter-btn filter-annee" onclick="year()">Cette année</button></li>