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How to query a sub document that is less than a particular size in mongoose?

I have a game object that has a boolean isOpen and a sub document playersthat is an array of players. I'd like to find a game that is open for players to join that contains less than 5 players. How do I do this? Preferably without using $where

//made up sample for reference  
const sampleDocument = {
    isOpen: true,
    isOver: false,
    players : [{
        socketID: 'sldfjskdfjsjdfsdfj',
        isBot: false,
        name: 'NickName',
    }],
    startTime: 32343234

The relevant line of code

let game = await Game.findOne({isOpen: true, /*players : { $size: {$lt: 5} }*/})

about 4 years ago · Juan Pablo Isaza

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Accepted Answer · 2022-07-04T07:26:39.837Z

You need $expr.

db.collection.find({
  $expr: {
    $and: [
      {
        $eq: [
          "$isOpen",
          true
        ],
        
      },
      {
        $lt: [
          {
            "$size": "$players"
          },
          5
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
})

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How to query a sub document that is less than a particular size in mongoose?

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Andres GPT