The == operator checks whether the two operands reference the same object. While the two objects (arrays are objects) may have the same content, they are different instances, and thus the expression is false.

The === and == operators compares arrays by reference (i.e. location in memory), the easy way to think about it is that "they are different arrays with the same values".

If you give you arrays a name, maybe the reason for this will be clearer:

const arr1 = [1, 2, 3];
const arr2 = [1, 2, 3];

console.log(arr1 === arr2);

And arr1 is not the same array as arr2.

Conversely, this will log true, because it compares the same reference:

const arr = [1, 2, 3];

console.log(arr === arr);

They are not equal because they are not the "same". In js, if you do [1,2,3] it stores the array as a variable with no name. Give it a name, say 'r', and do r==r and it will return true because window.r is the same as window.r. But window.undefinedvariable0 is not the same as window.undefinedvariable1, although they are visually the same.