This works if you're trying to get them from a user object -

await user.fetchFlags().toArray() // would return an array as you require

I found out how to achieve it with vanilla javascript:

var badges = [];
var flags = response.public_flags

flags = response.public_flags

if ((flags & badges2.Discord_Employee) == badges2.Discord_Employee) {
    badges.push("Discord Employee")
}

if ((flags & badges2.Early_Supporter) == badges2.Early_Supporter) {
    badges.push("Early Supporter")
}

if ((flags & badges2.House_Balance) == badges2.House_Balance) {
    badges.push("House Balance")
}

if ((flags & badges2.House_Brilliance) == badges2.House_Brilliance) {
    badges.push("House Brilliance")
}

if ((flags & badges2.House_Bravery) == badges2.House_Bravery) {
    badges.push("House Bravery")
}

if ((flags & badges2.Bug_Hunter_Level_1) == badges2.Bug_Hunter_Level_1) {
    badges.push("Bug Hunter LVL.1")
}

if ((flags & badges2.Bug_Hunter_Level_2) == badges2.Bug_Hunter_Level_2) {
    badges.push("Bug Hunter LVL.2")
}

if ((flags & badges2.Early_Verified_Bot_Developer) == badges2.Early_Verified_Bot_Developer) {
    badges.push("Verified Bot Dev")
}

if ((flags & badges2.HypeSquad_Events) == badges2.HypeSquad_Events) {
    badges.push("HypeSquad Events")
}

if ((flags & badges2.Partnered_Server_Owner) == badges2.Partnered_Server_Owner) {
    badges.push("Partnered Server Owner")
}