Having the list of country ISO codes, they are available here for reference:
Is there a way to return the country name from it?
Like, having a function, getCountryName(), which if called getCountryName('AL') will return 'Albania' and so on.
I was doing it as saving the whole list and work on it as with a dictionary but I was wondering if there is a method without saving the whole countries into a list.
You can try Intl.DisplayNames() of ECMAScript Internationalization API Intl:
var getCountryNames = new Intl.DisplayNames(['en'], {type: 'region'});
console.log(getCountryNames.of('AL')); // "Albania"
Hei you could use the JSON version of what you need, here https://pkgstore.datahub.io/core/country-list/data_json/data/8c458f2d15d9f2119654b29ede6e45b8/data_json.json
then, with a forach, you loop over the file, with your ISO code, and when you find it, you ask your script to return the state name