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Can't compile sample bpf program, bpf/bpf.h is missing

I'm trying to compile the sample bpf program in Linux source code. So I downloaded the current kernel source code and entered samples/bpf folder

apt source linux
cd linux-*/samples/bpf

Then I tried to compile a sample program with gcc:

# gcc sock_example.c
sock_example.c:29:10: fatal error: bpf/bpf.h: No such file or directory
   29 | #include <bpf/bpf.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.

And I'm unable to find bpf/bpf.h with apt-file

# apt-file find bpf/bpf.h
(no output)

What was wrong?

over 4 years ago · Santiago Trujillo

2 answers

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You need to install libbpf:

git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/libbpf/libbpf
cd src
sudo make install

over 4 years ago · Santiago Trujillo Report

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Accepted Answer · 2022-04-28T16:48:40.711Z

The Linux eBPF samples come with a rather long Makefile. It handles a lot of cases and integrates well with the kernel building workflow, but makes it more complicated to build the samples outside of the kernel tree.

For example, this Makefile adds a number of includes directories, such as TPROGS_CFLAGS += -I$(srctree)/tools/lib/, meaning that bpf/bpf.h will not be fetched from your OS' libraries but from tools/lib/ under your kernel repository.

Here are a few options that you can consider to compile your program:

Adjust the existing Makefile to use it to build your own programs, for example by adding your kernel code to the tprogs-y target.
Install libbpf from the kernel repo (sudo make -C tools/lib/bpf install) or from its GitHub mirror. This should install the headers, and gcc should then be able to find them.
Adjust your compile option to tell gcc where to look for the header (gcc -I <path/to/linux>/tools/lib).
(Adjust the include path in #include <bpf/bpf.h> to make it point to your library.)

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Can't compile sample bpf program, bpf/bpf.h is missing

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