go to C:\Program Files\Docker, by opening cmd as administrator.

run takeown /R /F *

run ICACLS * /T /Q /C /RESET,

** don't run in Program files folder, otherwise you will go to bootloop after restart, go to Docker folder first.

Create the small file with following content and saved with extension .ps1 in Program files folder, and right click on it and Run with Powershell.

kill -force -processname 'Docker for Windows', com.docker.db, vpnkit, com.docker.proxy, com.docker.9pdb, moby-diag-dl, dockerd

try {
    ./MobyLinux.ps1 -Destroy
} Catch {}

$service = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Service -Filter "Name='com.docker.service'"
if ($service) { $service.StopService() }
if ($service) { $service.Delete() }
Start-Sleep -s 5
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "~/AppData/Local/Docker"
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "~/AppData/Roaming/Docker"
if (Test-Path "C:\ProgramData\Docker") { takeown.exe /F "C:\ProgramData\Docker" /R /A /D Y }
if (Test-Path "C:\ProgramData\Docker") { icacls "C:\ProgramData\Docker\" /T /C /grant Administrators:F }
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "C:\ProgramData\Docker"
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "C:\Program Files\Docker"
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Docker"
Remove-Item -Force "C:\Users\Public\Desktop\Docker for Windows.lnk"
Get-ChildItem HKLM:\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\uninstall | % {Get-ItemProperty $_.PSPath}  | ? { $_.DisplayName -eq "Docker" } | Remove-Item -Recurse -Force
Get-ChildItem HKLM:\software\classes\installer\products | % {Get-ItemProperty $_.pspath} | ? { $_.ProductName -eq "Docker" } | Remove-Item -Recurse -Force
Get-Item 'HKLM:\software\Docker Inc.' | Remove-Item -Recurse -Force
Get-ItemProperty HKCU:\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\Run -name "Docker for Windows" | Remove-Item -Recurse -Force
#Get-ItemProperty HKCU:\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\UFH\SHC | ForEach-Object {Get-ItemProperty $_.PSPath} | Where-Object { $_.ToString().Contains("Docker for Windows.exe") } | Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $_.PSPath
#Get-ItemProperty HKCU:\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\UFH\SHC | Where-Object { $(Get-ItemPropertyValue $_) -Contains "Docker" }

I have the same problem but I fix it with two steps.

1. Stop docker service
2. End task the docker from task manager

Then try normal uninstall.

You can uninstall docker by simply disabling it from startup app in the task manager. After disabaling it just reboot your system and uninstall it from control panel.