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What are the practical differences between an IP vs instance based target types for an AWS NLB?

I'm using an AWS NLB to expose my Kubernetes pods to the internet. The NLB is currently using instance target types but I noticed there are also IP target types. What are the differences between an instance target type vs an IP target type from a practical point of view? When would you use one over the other?

AWS's documentation specifies some restrictions around using IP target types, namely they must be within certain CIDRs and constraints around maximums, but I'm trying to understand when you might want to use one over the other.

I don't know if it has any impact, but we've been having issues with our kubernetes rollingUpdate deployments where we're seeing downtime for the pods as they switch over (we have liveness and readiness checks there).

3 months ago ·

Santiago Trujillo

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Accepted Answer · 2022-05-13T15:54:46.571Z

The three key use-cases for using IP target type:

your target does not have to be an instance - anything with private IP address will work, including internal load balance, VPC private service, Fargate containers, databases, on-premise servers through VPN.
your target can be in different region, as long as you have cross-region peering between your VPCs
you have multiple network interfaces on your instance, so you can load distribute traffic between them, e.g. different applications on a single instance are bind to different interfaces. Each interface can be associated with different target group.

Instance target type is only limited instances. It should be your default choice when load balancing instances. For example, if you have instances in autoscaling group (ASG), the ASG can automatically register your instances with your load balancer. You can't do this for IP target types.