As per the documentation here, you can install Docker CE 17.03 (or future versions) on RHEL 7.3 64-bit via:

Set up the Docker CE repository on RHEL:

sudo yum install -y yum-utils
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo yum makecache fast

Install the latest version of Docker CE on RHEL:

sudo yum -y install docker-ce

Alternatively, you can specify a specific version of Docker CE:

sudo yum -y install docker-ce-<version>-<release>

Start Docker:

sudo systemctl start docker

Test your Docker CE installation:

sudo docker run hello-world

Procedure for a disposable dev test RHEL 7.3. Never do this in production.

# pre-requisite for container-selinux-2.9-4.el7.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install policycoreutils-python

wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/extras/x86_64/Packages/container-selinux-2.107-3.el7.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -i container-selinux-2.21-1.el7.noarch.rpm

#Set up the Docker CE repository on RHEL:
sudo yum install -y yum-utils
sudo yum install -y device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
sudo yum-config-manager --enable rhel-7-server-extras-rpms
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo yum makecache fast

# Install the latest version of Docker CE on RHEL:
sudo yum -y install docker-ce

#Start Docker:
sudo systemctl start docker

#Test your Docker CE installation:
sudo docker run hello-world

# configure Docker to start on boot
sudo systemctl enable docker

# add user to the docker group 
sudo usermod -aG docker jethro

# install Docker Compose:
# install python-pip
wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

sudo yum install ./epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install -y python-pip

sudo pip install docker-compose

# upgrade your Python packages:
sudo yum upgrade python*

The above assumes you are NOT using a proxy. If you are, you will need to add proxy=http://myproxy:myport lines pretty much at the end of each block in each file under /etc/yum.repos.d/, or add it to /etc/yum.conf.

Hope this helps.

For those who are facing below error:

Error: Package: docker-ce-17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 (docker-ce-stable)
       Requires: container-selinux >= 2.9
       You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
       You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

While installing docker on RHEL 7.3+ we need to execute:

    sudo subscription-manager repos --enable rhel-7-server-extras-rpms

which will enable extra rpms to be installed on yum update.After this execute:

    sudo yum update

Then follow: Install Docker

This has worked for me.