1. Stop docker service
2. Remove /var/lib/docker
3. Start docker service

Warn :
Deleting some directories of /var/lib/docker/overlay2 may look appealing, may work but it is also risky. Indeed, it may create additional inconsistency/corrupted layers.
If you do that, please first make a full backup of folders that you want delete.
I did it two times in a production environment. The first time it worked, the second time it provoked a real mess (hard time and stress to fix that).
Since, I never did it again.

To fix issues with image pulling (layer not found or corrupted), here my tricks.

1 - If you may and want to wipe all your images and containers, you could do that.

Stop and remove all containers (running or not) :

docker rm $(docker stop $(docker ps -aq)) 

And in addition, use the system prune command :

docker system prune --volumes --all 

to delete :

• all stopped containers
• all networks not used by at least one container
• all volumes not used by at least one container
• all images without at least one container associated to them
• all build cache

To skip the confirmation dialog, add the -f flag.

It should solve corrupted layer issues since you restart from scratch.

2 - If it doesn't work (that is layers are still not found or corrupted), a possible strategy is ensuring that these failing layers are not used any longer during the pull.

To achieve that :

• If the problem is a parent image layer : I update the base image specified in the Dockerfile to find a base image version which the layer(s) with the issue is not used any longer. Generally I specify a little more recent version, I build/run. If if works, fine. If it still fails, I update the base image version further.
• If the problem is an image layer created in my Dockerfile steps itself : I specify the --no-cache flag in docker build.

Just use docker images -a options to know all the images with layers.To know particular layers of particular images you can use docker history $image_name

Also there is a option to remove dangling images by which you can delete it.

docker rmi $(docker images -f dangling=true -q)

Dangling images:

Docker images consist of multiple layers. Dangling images are layers that have no relationship to any tagged images. They no longer serve a purpose and consume disk space. They can be located by adding the filter flag, -f with a value of dangling=true to the docker images command. When you're sure you want to delete them, you can add the -q flag, then pass their ID to docker rmi:

Hope this will help you. Thank you!