If you look at

console.log(sum(10)(20)(3)(4)());

It's basically doing this:

const x1 = sum(10);
const x2 = x1(20);
const x3 = x2(3);
const x4 = x3(4);
const x5 = x4();
console.log(x5);

So the question is: How do we do that from this starting point?

let arrayValue = [1,2,3,4,5];

The answer is either a loop or recursion. A loop is simple enough, so let's do that:

let x = sum;
for (const value of arrayValue) {
    x = x(value);
}
x = x();
console.log(x);

let sum = a => b => b ? sum(a + b) : a;

function example(arrayValue) {
    let x = sum;
    for (const value of arrayValue) {
        x = x(value);
    }
    x = x();
    console.log(arrayValue.join(", "), "=>", x);
}

example([10, 20, 3, 4]);
example([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

We start by setting x to sum (the function, not a call to it), then for each array value we call whatever function x currently refers to passing in the value and storing the return value back in x again. When we run out of values, we call the result with no argument.

You can loop over to the length of the array. You can use .length property to do this and then call your function inside the loop.

Example:

let arrayValue = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , …];

for (let i = 0; i < arrayValue.length; i++) {
  someFunction(arrayValue[i]);
}

Reference : https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/length

I hope this is what you are looking for.