Gatsby must be using an algorithm or key size which is no longer allowed by default with OpenSSL 3.0.

UPDATE ⚠️

This is most likely a webpack issue - https://github.com/webpack/webpack/issues/14532

They have since released a fix in version 5.61.0 - https://github.com/webpack/webpack/releases/tag/v5.61.0 - so upgrading webpack should address the issue as well

A member of the webpack team has stated they do not plan to backport the fix to webpack 4, so if you are on webpack 4 you may need to look to upgrading to webpack 5 first.

From Node.js 17's announcement post:

If you hit an ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED error in your application with Node.js 17, it’s likely that your application or a module you’re using is attempting to use an algorithm or key size which is no longer allowed by default with OpenSSL 3.0. A new command-line option, --openssl-legacy-provider, has been added to revert to the legacy provider as a temporary workaround for these tightened restrictions.

Running this on the terminal might look like:

node --openssl-legacy-provider ./node_modules/.bin/gatsby build

You can also pass this in via the NODE_OPTIONS environment variable.

So if you'd like to continue using the NPM script, you can change the build script to:

// package.json
{
  "scripts": {
    "build": "export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider; gatsby build"
  }
}

I also had the same problem, so I just degraded the Node.js version:

• Uninstall Node.js

• Then download and install 16.13.0.

Rajiv's approach seems right as a workaround, but the syntax didn't worked for me in Vue.js. What worked was without the keyword "SET":

  "scripts": {
    "serve": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service serve",
    "build": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service build",
    "test:unit": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service test:unit",
    "lint": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service lint"
  },

I was facing the same issue with an Angular application on server -

1. I just downgraded the Node.js version locally to 14
2. The Docker image replaced with version 14.18.1. Earlier it was Alpine Linux

You can find more details in Node.js' latest release documentation.

I think there are two solutions for this error we encountered after the new Node.js update.

1. Downgrade Node.js

2. node_modules\react-scripts\config\webpack.config.js - you should add this code inside the .js file you find here:

       const crypto = require("crypto");
       const crypto_orig_createHash = crypto.createHash;
       crypto.createHash = algorithm => crypto_orig_createHash(algorithm == "md4" ? "sha256" : algorithm);

This might help. Add these scripts in the package.json file.

React:

"scripts": {
    "start": "export SET NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && react-scripts start",
    "build": "export SET NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && react-scripts build"
}

or

"scripts": {
    "start": "react-scripts --openssl-legacy-provider start",
    "build": "react-scripts --openssl-legacy-provider build",
}

Vue.js:

"scripts": {
    "serve": "export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service serve",
    "build": "export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service build",
    "lint": "export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vue-cli-service lint"
},

or

"scripts": {
    "serve": "vue-cli-service --openssl-legacy-provider serve",
    "build": "vue-cli-service --openssl-legacy-provider build",
    "lint": "vue-cli-service --openssl-legacy-provider lint"
},

This issue comes with the new update of Node.js 17. In React you can change the script attribute in the package.json file to:

"scripts": {
    "start": "react-scripts --openssl-legacy-provider start",
    "build": "react-scripts --openssl-legacy-provider build",
    "test": "react-scripts test",
    "eject": "react-scripts eject"
}

Quick fix: Run this in a terminal inside your React project.

export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider

I have uninstalled my Node.js version 17.0.1 through the control panel.

Then I downloaded the Node.js version 16.13.1 from the nodejs.org and installed it, and then React Native starts and builds fine.

I have faced this similar issue in the version 17.3.0

1. I have uninstalled Node.js and installed the version to 16.13.0 and restarted
2. by running in the new terminal ,it got fixed

Use it as build command for Vue 3 and node v17.0.1:

cross-env NODE_OPTIONS='--openssl-legacy-provider' vue-cli-service build"

While patching with --openssl-legacy-provider is more of a hack and a real solution would be to fix OpenSSL key size usage in Vue/React/...; a temporal workaround may be using elder version of Node indeed. But I'd suggest not to downgrade Node; rather install NVM (main/win: nvm-windows/nodist/nvs, the last one being cross-platform) and switch between versions on demand.

i think you should downgrade your node or use nvm to switch between node versions, i did this and the react worked fine